• Duome Russian
• Russian for everyone developed by Dr. Julia Rochtchina at University of Victoria in Canada (with insecure search)
  • Sputnik Textbook
• Ready Russian
• 6 Cases: NAGDIP -> free about words order
• estq (there is), net (there isn't)

Exception Rules

• the 7: g, k, x, zh, ch, sh, xh -{consonant, a}-i
  • **never write y behind the 7
  • kollegi.
• the 5
  • never write ya behind zh, ch, sh, w and {consonants}.
• the 4 - zh, ch, sh, xh (hushes, overlapped in both rules above)

Dashing scheme

• The last dash is only used for the ending
• ~ is remove the ending in the declension of the original word (usually the nominative case)
• : is the original ending the word
• one - is the ending
• plurals are all based of the dictionary form

Personal Pronouns

Forms of Pronouns

Nouns

• Russian Nouns have 3 genders: {m}, {f},
• easily differentiable for different genders by the last letter

Adjectives

• before the nouns, different from Spanish grammar, French grammar,

Stems

Hard stems and soft stems

Cases endings

Cases Summary with word endings

• All cases change from the nominative singular base from their counterparts, like from singular to singular or plural

Case usage

Summary of Case usage

Nominative case

• The subject of a sentence, also the dictionary form
• Nominative plurals - Form plurals of nominative cases
• Nominative Adjectives

Accusative case

• The object of a sentence
• Accusative Adjectives
• Form plurals of accusative cases

Genitive case

• show possession
• Ready Russian - count things
  • Learn Russian Step by Step
• Genitive Case for Plurals
• Genitive Adjectives Singular

Dative case

• The indirect object - somebody in "give something to somebody".
• Dative Adjectives

Instrumental Case

• indicate how something is done (as a means), by, with; we went there by car.
• Instrumental Adjectives

Prepositional Case

• used with prepositions
• Prepositional Adjectives

Adverbs

• usually before the verbs @@ and the negation
• pronouns can be inversed before adverbs.
• seems can be reordered sometimes

Verbs

Prepositions

• na (to, in)
• v (to, in)